kernel
A kernel is a small matrix used in convolution operations. Each element is a weight that determines how much a neighboring pixel contributes to the output. A 3×3 Gaussian kernel smooths by weighting the center pixel most. A Sobel kernel detects edges by computing intensity gradients. The choice of kernel defines the operation — the convolution mechanism is identical regardless.
Examples
- 3×3 Gaussian kernel for blur
- Sobel kernel for edge detection
- Laplacian kernel for sharpening
- Identity kernel (no change)